Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Role and mechanism of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures in the repair of urethral injury in rats

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13815

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry results. Masson's trichrome staining detected changes in collagen fibers in urethral tissues, with collagen fibers appearing blue and muscle fibers, fibrin and red blood cells appearing red. Immunohistochemistry staining showed the cell nuclei in blue and positive protein staining for the fibrosis markers α-SMA, TGF-β1, collagen I, collagen III and Smad3 in brown. Images are presented at a magnification of ×200. (B) Statistical analysis of Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry results. Staining results were analyzed with Image-Pro Plus software(version 6.0; Media Cybernetics, Inc.), followed by bar chart construction using GraphPad Prism. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. (C) Western blot analysis results. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of fibrosis markers in urethral tissue. (D) Statistical analysis of western blotting results. Band densities were analyzed using Image-Pro Plus software(version 6.0; Media Cybernetics, Inc.), and bar charts were drawn with GraphPad Prism. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; TDN, tetrahedral DNA nanostructure.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemical staining ( ) was conducted to evaluate the expression of fibrosis markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; cat. no. AF1032; Affinity Biosciences), TGF-β1 (1:5,000; cat. no. 21898-1-AP; Proteintech Group, Inc.), collagen I (cat. no. AF7001; Affinity Biosciences), collagen III (1:1,000; cat. no. AF5457; Affinity Biosciences) and Smad3 (cat. no. 87035-1-RR; Proteintech Group, Inc.).

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Software, Western Blot, Expressing